Basic Biographical Details

Name:	Charles Rennie Mackintosh
Designation:
Born:	7 June 1868
Died:	10 December 1928
Bio Notes:	Charles Rennie Mackintosh (originally spelled McIntosh) was born at 70 Parson Street, Glasgow, on 7 June 1868, the second of eleven children of William McIntosh, a police inspector who later rose to be a superintendent, and his wife Margaret Rennie who came from Ayr. From birth he had a contracted sinew in one foot which later in life resulted in a limp. In 1874 the McIntosh family moved to 2 Firpark Street, Dennistoun, from which William McIntosh rented part of the grounds of Golfhill House. There he grew flowers in which his family were encouraged to take an interest, the origin of Mackintosh's life-long interest in botanical forms as a subject matter for the watercolours and sources for his decorative work. At the age of seven Mackintosh was sent first to Reid's School, and then to Alan Glen's, despite suffering from dyslexia. There a chill on the sportsfield resulted in a slight droop of the right eyelid visible in some photographs. In 1884 Mackintosh was articled to John Hutchison, a Paisley architect who had settled in Glasgow. The office was then at 107 St Vincent Street, which was owned by Hutchison's brother James, who had a furniture shop there: this early acquaintance with that trade may have had some bearing on Mackintosh's role as a furniture designer. The office soon moved to better premises at 124 St Vincent Street where Hutchison began to attract much larger commissions: these commenced with Wylie Hill's department store in Buchanan Street, the detail design work of which was now in the hands of Andrew Black, an articled pupil of Hutchison who had risen to chief assistant. This building had refined Early Renaissance detail in which Mackintosh probably had a hand; he had distinguished himself at Glasgow School of Art where he studied under Thomas Smith and became acquainted with John James Burnet as a visiting lecturer and tutor. At the School Mackintosh featured regularly in the prize lists, culminating in a South Kensington bronze medal for 'a mountain chapel' and a book prize for 'a presbyterian church' in 1888 and 1889 respectively. In the latter year, probably April although he did not appear in the office books until July, these awards brought Mackintosh a place in the newly formed partnership of John Honeyman and John Keppie at 140 Bath Street; and in the following year, 1890, he won another major award, the South Kensington National and Queen's Prize, the subject being a Science and Art Museum. This was a French Beaux-Arts scheme, close to Burnet's style in the early 1880s, and may have reflected designs Keppie himself had made during his time at the Ecole in 1884-85. In September of the same year Mackintosh won the Alexander Thomson travelling scholarship with a design for a public hall, neo-Greek as expected by the Thomson trustees although he himself had by then come to regard classical architecture as 'foreign in spirit and far away' in a lecture on Scottish architecture given in February of that year. He set out for Italy on 21 March 1891 and sketched intensively in Naples, Sicily, Umbria and Tuscany, returning in July with a great many sketches but none of the highly finished studies the trustees had probably been expecting to see. At Honeyman and Keppie's Mackintosh became a close friend of Keppie and of Herbert McNair who had joined the office in 1888 and whose family had links with Honeyman. His skill in draughtsmanship quickly won him an exceptional position in the office: He contributed much of the detailed draughtsmanship to Honeyman and Keppie's separate submissions for Kelvingrove Art Gallery and the Manchester Technical Schools; and when Honeyman and Keppie won places in the second tier of the Art Gallery competition they submitted a completely new joint design which was patently drawn out by Mackintosh and incorporated many features from his Italian sketch books. It did not win, but the enthusiasm for it nearly resulted in Waterhouse's recommendation that John William Simpson & Milner Allen be appointed being overturned. From that point onwards Honeyman and Keppie were content to let Mackintosh become the lead designer in the practice, and even sign the drawings in the case of the addition to Glasgow Art Club. Within the next few years Mackintosh had had a very considerable hand in the design of Queen Margaret College and the competition design for the Royal Insurance building, both in Glasgow, and according to a letter written to Hermann Muthesius, he had wholly designed the Glasgow Herald Building in 1893-95. All of these had Scots Renaissance elements of Burnetian inspiration, although the tower of the Herald building derived from that of James MacLaren’s Stirling High School, and the corner dome of the Royal Insurance design was drawn from Belcher; also in some degree Burnetian was his Martyrs School, Glasgow of 1895 which had Japanese roof details. These were apparently prompted by Sellars's effective use of them at the Glasgow International Exhibition buildings in 1888 since Mackintosh's sketch of them has recently been found, but it is also known that Mackintosh was familiar with the relevant volumes of Japanese art and architecture at Glasgow School of Art. In 1892-93 Mackintosh delivered two papers on contemporary architecture. The first of these was drawn from Ruskin and Baldwin Brown and rejected not only the temple-based architecture of the Thomson, Honeyman, Barclay and Sellars school but the entire spectrum of Renaissance architecture then in vogue. It also argued against the integrated eclecticism of his own Kelvingrove design on the grounds that one style must be weakened by the introduction of another. The second lecture drew heavily on Lethaby's 'Architecture Mysticism and Myth'. By the time it was given Mackintosh's circle had extended to the Symbolist Movement artists Frances and Margaret Macdonald as well as Agnes Raeburn, Janet Aitken, Kate Cameron and Keppie's sister Jessie, a group which had called itself The Immortals and weekended in two bungalows - 'The Roaring Camp'- rented by John Keppie at Dunure. The influence of the Macdonald sisters in particular was reflected in Mackintosh's symbolist watercolour, the Harvest Moon, painted in 1892, and in a number of items of graphic art. In September 1894 Mackintosh set off on the first on a number of English study tours in search of a back-to-first principles arts and crafts vernacular honesty. These quickly resulted in a synthesis of English and Scottish vernacular which made its first appearance in a small job, the reconstruction of the Inn at Lennoxtown in 1895, the designs for which were not carried out. The concept was not entirely new, as it had been pioneered by James MacLaren and Dunn & Watson at Fortingall, and their work had in turn formed the inspiration for the early Colinton houses of their assistant Lorimer. Of the Fortingall buildings Mackintosh would be aware through the Architectural Illumination Society which published them in 'The Architect' in 1891-92, even if he never went there. In 1893 the Glasgow School of Art withdrew from the Kelvingrove Art Gallery project and its head, Francis Newbery inspected the new art schools at Birmingham and Manchester to prepare a brief for a new site in Renfrew Street which was acquired in 1895. This brief was issued to selected competitors in June 1896 and together with the tight cost limit must have had considerable influence on all the designs submitted; the studios had to be north facing on the Renfrew Street frontage and not only their sizes but the dimensions of their windows were specified. The competition was won by Honeyman & Keppie in January 1897 with a design by Mackintosh which had plain but highly original Scots vernacular-based southern and end elevations and a deep eaves over the studio windows on the north. Its details were drawn from a variety of original vernacular and modern sources, H E Clifford, Smith & Brewer, and particularly James MacLaren at the segment-headed two light windows of the east gable at the centre of the north elevation, but none of these was directly copied: all were re-designed and refined in a highly individual manner. As at Martyrs School there were Japanese elements most obviously at the railings and in the timberwork of the interior. The same idiom was adopted at Ruchill Street Free Church Halls in 1898-99 and at the Daily Record Building in Renfield Lane where the middle floors were of white glazed brick with stylised Tree of Life motifs adapted from Lethaby. At Queen's Cross Church, designed early in 1897, an equally original gothic treatment was adopted, its steeply battered tower based on a medieval example sketched at Merriot in Somerset. These works were all designed as Honeyman & Keppie's chief assistant, but from 1896 Mackintosh began to build up a small clientele of his own. The most important of these was Miss Catherine Cranston, beginning with the wall decoration of the Buchanan Street Tea Rooms in 1896, the furniture of the Argyle Street Tea Rooms in 1898-99 and the complete interior design of the Ingram Street Tea Rooms in 1900. Concurrently he designed Windyhill at Kilmacolm for the Glasgow provision merchant William Davidson. Like MacLaren and Dunn & Watson's buildings in Glenlyon it had the wholly convincing traditional proportions of solid and void which eluded nearly all other architects at this time, and displayed an even more profound understanding of the true nature of the vernacular. Some time before 1896 Mackintosh became attached to John Keppie's younger sister Jessie, born 1868 and thus the same age as himself. This attachment was commemorated in a jewel box: there was no formal engagement, but perhaps an understanding that there would be if he was taken into partnership. But by 1897 he had transferred his affections to the older but more imaginative Margaret Macdonald and on 22 August 1900 they were married, a flat at 120 Mains Street having been transformed for their occupation by March 1900. In the meantime McNair had married Margaret's much younger sister Frances in June 1899. This smaller group from The Immortals became known as The Four. Their work was exhibited at the Arts & Crafts Exhibition Society in London in September 1896 and noticed in The Studio in 1897, in Decorative Kunst in 1898 and all four were invited to exhibit at the Vienna Secession in November 1900. In the following month Alexander Koch, the Darmstadt publisher of Academy Architecture, announced the Haus eine Kunstfreundes competition. The Mackintoshes' submission could not be considered as the required interior perspectives had not been provided, but Koch published their completed designs along with Baillie Scott's and Leopold Bauer's. This consolidated their European reputation which had begun with Hermann Muthesius's interest in Mackintosh’s work from 1897, and brought a steady stream of distinguished Austrian and German visitors to Glasgow. Muthesius published the Glasgow Herald building in Die englische Baukunst der Gegenwart in 1900, and was to bring Mackintosh still greater international fame with the publication of Das englische Haus in 1904-05. On 1 January 1901 John Honeyman, by then almost blind, retired at the age of seventy. He allowed Mackintosh to buy out his partnership on more generous terms than he could afford, the practice then becoming Honeyman, Keppie & Mackintosh. The partnership was retrospective, drawn up by Keppie as late as 10 October 1901, and specified a period of ten years. For the first three years from 1901 to 1903, Honeyman was to receive half the practice's profits. From the remaining half Keppie was to be paid two thirds and Mackintosh one third. For the next two years, 1904 and 1905, Keppie was to receive three-fifths of the profits and Mackintosh two-fifths. Thus Mackintosh did not have to put up any capital but the equal division of the profits from 1906 was to lead to problems later as Keppie's clientele was much larger, and was to remain so. Although his sister's disappointment had damaged their hitherto close relationship, Keppie was initially content with this arrangement and treated Mackintosh generously in the division of the profits for the next decade. But although the completion of Glasgow School of Art and the commission for Scotland Street School were allocated to Mackintosh, the partnership was to seriously limit Mackintosh's opportunities for creative design: as senior assistant he could design whatever commissions came in, but from 1901 Keppie kept his own clients to himself and returned to the drawing board. Initially the partnership went well for Mackintosh with work at Kingsborough Gardens for Newbery's aunt, an exhibition of Mackintosh's work at Turin in 1902, the Hill House for the publisher Walter Blackie in 1902-04, the Willow Tea Room in 1903 and extensive work at the Hous'Hill in 1904-05, both for Miss Cranston, and a number of commissions for interior work and furniture in Austria and Germany. In the 1960s Alex Smellie recalled that Mackintosh had raised the possibility of spending part of each year in Vienna to deal with continental business, an arrangement made practicable by Margaret Macdonald Mackintosh’s fluent German. Keppie declined to agree, mainly because of the steady stream of work for Miss Cranston which would have been difficult to deal with in his absence. The ending of the payments to Honeyman and the general increase in the Mackintoshes' prosperity enabled Mackintosh to buy 6 Florentine Terrace, Ann Street, Hillhead for £925 on 30 March 1906. The interior was remodelled on similar lines to the Mains Street flat at a cost of a further £900 with the aid of a substantial loan from Keppie. In December of that same year Mackintosh was admitted FRIBA, his proposers being Keppie, Thomas Lennox Watson and John James Burnet. In May 1908 the Mackintoshes took what was probably their first foreign holiday unconnected with business at Cintra in Portugal. This holiday represented a break during the most important work of Mackintosh's career, the library wing of Glasgow School of Art. On 1 February 1907 Keppie and Mackintosh were instructed to redesign their scheme for the unbuilt western section. It was completed in December 1909, but not without serious differences in February 1908 with the building committee - which included Burnet, Forrest Salmon and David Barclay - over the design of the library and the aggrandisement of the western basement entrance. This followed an earlier and much more public and damaging dispute with Glasgow School Board in October-November 1905 over tile work, the size of the window panes and ultimately an overspend at Scotland Street School. The commission for Auchinibert, where Mackintosh put his English sketches to good use in an accomplished neo-Tudor design ended in differences with his clients Mr and Mrs Francis Shand, who called in Alexander Hislop to complete the interior. Although the sheer merit of the west wing of Glasgow School of Art and the Oak Room addition to Miss Cranston's Ingram Street tea room in 1907 were not denied, these events undermined Keppie's confidence in Mackintosh as a partner at a time when their ten-year partnership agreement was drawing to a close. It was not terminated on 1 January 1910 as it could have been, but appears to have been continued on a provisional year to yeat basis. In the event the Finance Act of 1909 which introduced the increment tax on new development brought about a sharp decline in the partnership’s income. As in other practices at this time the volume of work halved in 1910, and halved again in 1911. Mackintosh's only significant new commissions were the Chinese Room of 1911 and the Cloister Room of 1913 both at Ingram Street, a ladies' hairdressing salon at 80 Union Street also of 1912, and additions to Auchenbothie Mains and Mossyde at Kilmacolm. Although in the Cloister Room Mackintosh had finally adopted a Viennese inspired idiom which anticipated art deco and might well have proved fashionable, the problems in the practice came to a head with the Jordanhill Training College limited competition of 1913: large public commissions were now critical to the practice as privately commissioned work had dried up. The preparation of the submission fell to Mackintosh, but when the deadline drew near it became apparent that he had designs only for the College itself and that these were on tracing paper which had gone crinkly with watercolour washes. At the last minute Andrew Graham Henderson, a New Zealander who had been a rising star in the office since Mackintosh engaged him in 1904, prepared a classical design for the demonstration school. It was the only element of their submission to be successful when the results were announced in July 1913. One month earlier, sometime in June, the partnership of Keppie and Mackintosh was dissolved. The catalyst was a threat from Graham Henderson that he would leave if Mackintosh remained a partner. Keppie was not the sort of man who would respond to threats of that kind, but by that date the partnership had been under review for more than a year. In 1912, tow years after the partnership agreement had expired, Keppie had made a detailed financial analysis of partnership income from 1901 to 1911 which showed that Mackintosh had introduced £4,934 worth of business to the practice and Keppie £16,303 and that Mackintosh's share of the profits had been £5,467, £533 more than the business introduced. The further continuation of the 1901 partnership agreement was thus unsustainable. Mackintosh had to leave to set up practice on his own, but no business came his way. Allof these problems affected his health from at least 1911 if not earlier. In July 1914 Margaret induced him to recuperate at Walberswick in Suffolk: Florentine Terrace was then let to a tenant. It was eventually sold to the Davidsons in 1920 after a reminder from Keppie that the interest would shortly be due but would be waived if he sold it before the settlement date. Mackintosh recovered at Walberswick, where Jessie Newbery found them a studio. Patrick Geddes provided him with some temporary work and he made streetblock designs for Geddes's town planning schemes in India. Nothing came of these and in May 1915 the military authorities confiscated his German and Austrian papers. These were duly read and returned after five weeks but the Mackintoshes were ordered to leave the Walberswick area. By August 1915 they had found studios in Glebe Place in Chelsea where they became friends of J D Ferguson and his wife Margaret Morris, James Pryde, Randolph Schwabe and the photographer E O Hoppe. From there the Mackintoshes produced watercolours and adventurous textile designs commissioned by William Foxton which for a time at least seem to have sold well. Mackintosh also designed for Wenman Basset-Lowke the reconstruction of 78 Derngate, Northampton in which the style of the Cloister Room was most successfully exploited, the work being supervised by W J Anderson's brother Alexander Ellis Anderson. By early 1919 the Mackintoshes were in some financial difficulty and had to call on the Davidsons for help. Schemes for studios at Glebe Place for the sculptor Francis Derwent Wood and Harold Squire came to very little and a proposed theatre for Margaret Morris did not get off the drawing board at all. In January 1924 the Mackintoshes settled first in Amelie-les-Bains, moving to Ille-sur-Têt in the Pyrenees in February. By December they had settled at the Hotel du Commerce at Port Vendres from which Mackintosh produced watercolours of the local landscape which were amongst his finest works. But in May 1927 Margaret had to return to London with medical problems, and soon thereafter Mackintosh was found to have cancer of the tongue and throat. He returned to London in the autumn for radium treatment which eventually left him unable to speak. After short periods in rooms in Hampstead and in a friend's house in Porchester Square, Mackintosh died in a London nursing home on 10 December 1928. He was cremated the next day at Golders Green. Margaret Mackintosh survived him: there were no children of the marriage. She kept on the Chelsea studio but spent most of her time in France. After brief periods in Falmouth and Harrogate she returned to Chelsea in December 1932 and died in a London nursing home on 7 January 1933.

Private and Business Addresses

The following private or business addresses are associated with this :
	Address	Type	Date from	Date to	Notes
	70, Parson Street, Glasgow, Scotland	Private	7 June 1868	c. 1874	tenement
	2, Firpark Terrace, Glasgow, Scotland	Private	c. 1874		Tenement
	107, St Vincent Street, Glasgow, Scotland	Business	1884	1889	apprenticed to John Hutchison
	140, Bath Street, Glasgow, Scotland	Business	1889		with Honeyman & Keppie
	2, Regent Park Square, Glasgow, Scotland	Private	1892	c. 1893
	82, Langside Avenue, Glasgow, Scotland	Private	c. 1893	c. 1895
	27, Regent Park Square, Glasgow, Scotland	Private	c. 1895
	120, Mains Street (now Blythswood Street), Glasgow, Scotland	Private	c. 1899	1906
	6, Florentine Terrace (later called 78 Southpark Ave), Hillhead, Glasgow, Scotland	Private	30 March 1906		Formerly Ann Street., later changed to 78 Southpark Avenue
	Chelsea, London, England	Private	1915
	2 Hans Studios, 43A, Glebe Place, Chelsea, London, England	Business	1916 *
	Amelie-les-bains, France(?)	Private	January 1924	1927
	Ille-sur-Tet, France	Private	February 1924	December 1924
	Port Vendres, France	Private	January 1925	September 1927
	Porchester Square, Paddington, London, England	Private	1928	10 December 1928
	Willow Road, Hampstead, London, England	Private	Early 1928	1928

* earliest date known from documented sources.

Employment and Training

Employers

The following individuals or organisations employed or trained this (click on an item to view details):
	Name	Date from	Date to	Position	Notes
	John Hutchison	August 1883	1888	Apprentice
	Honeyman & Keppie	Late 1888 or early 1889	Before 1896	Draughtsman
	Honeyman & Keppie	Before 1896	1 January 1901	Senior Assistant
	Honeyman, Keppie & Mackintosh	1 January 1901	June 1913	Partner

RIBA

RIBA Proposers

The following individuals proposed this for RIBA membership (click on an item to view details):
	Name	Date proposed	Notes
	(Sir) John James Burnet	3 December 1906	for Fellowship
	John Keppie	3 December 1906	for Fellowship
	Thomas Lennox Watson	3 December 1906	for Fellowship

RIBA Proposals

This proposed the following individuals for RIBA membership (click on an item to view details):
	Name	Date proposed	Notes
	Andrew Graham Henderson	3 January 1910	for Associateship

Buildings and Designs

This was involved with the following buildings or structures from the date specified (click on an item to view details):
	Date started	Building name	Town, district or village	Island	City or county	Country	Notes
	1888	Design for a Mountain Chapel					National Competition design
	1888	Design for a Town House in a Terrace				Scotland	student design awarded prize by Glasgow Institute of the Fine Arts
	1888	Glasgow Necropolis, Gravestone for Chief Constable Alexander McCall	Dennistoun		Glasgow	Scotland
	1889	Design for a Presbyterian Church					Competition design
	c. 1889	R Wylie Hill's warehouse			Glasgow	Scotland	Drawings for decorative sculpture and probably interior work - as apprentice with Hutchison
	1890	Design for a Public Hall				Scotland	Won competition
	1890	Design for a Science and Art Museum					Design for National Competition
	1890	Redclyffe	Springburn		Glasgow	Scotland	Designed on his own for his uncle (but while assistant to Honeyman & Keppie)
	1890	Workmen's Dwellings			Glasgow	Scotland	Competition designs
	1891(?)	Canal Boatmen's Institute	Port Dundas		Glasgow	Scotland	Mackintosh was working for Honeyman & Keppie at the time, and was involved in this project for at least the clock face (not carried out)
	1891	Design for a Chapter House					Design entered for the RIBA Soane Medallion Competition - unsuccessful
	1891	Tenement Buildings competition			Glasgow	Scotland	Competition design - as assistant with Honeyman and Keppie
	1892	Design for a Railway Terminus					Competition design submitted - unsuccessful
	1892	Manchester Technical Schools			Manchester	England	Competition design submitted (Mackintosh as assistant) - unplaced
	c. 1892	Craigiehall	Bellahouston		Glasgow	Scotland	Interior additions. Mackintosh was assistant and his hand seems evident in the drawings.
	1893	Conservative Club	Helensburgh		Dunbartonshire	Scotland	As draughtsman to Honeyman & Keppie
	1893	Glasgow Art Club			Glasgow	Scotland	New saloon and other alterations - as draughtsman to Honeyman & Keppie
	1893(?)	Glasgow Herald Building			Glasgow	Scotland	Mitchell Street new building and internal remodelling
	1894	Design for a Library in a Glasgow House			Glasgow	Scotland
	1894	Medical School for Women	Kelvinside		Glasgow	Scotland
	1894	Royal Insurance Company Building			Glasgow	Scotland	Mackintosh was working with Honeyman & Keppie and appears to have contributed to their unsuccessful competition entry
	1895	Lennox Castle Inn	Lennoxtown		Stirlingshire	Scotland	As senior assistant with Honyeman & Keppie (extent of his role on this project uncertain, but drawings are his; sign relates to his drawing of Rising Sun, Wareham)
	1895	Martyrs Public School			Glasgow	Scotland	As senior assistant (role on this project uncertain)
	1895	Skelmorlie Parish Church	Skelmorlie		Ayrshire	Scotland	Lamp beside door
	1895	St Paul's Church mission hall			Glasgow	Scotland	As senior assistant for Honeyman & Keppie - it is unclear whether he worked on this project or not
	1896	Glasgow School of Art			Glasgow	Scotland	Won in competition and first phase completed
	1896	Miss Cranston's Tea Rooms, Buchanan Street			Glasgow	Scotland	Interior decorations - mural stencils
	1896	Pettigrew & Stephens Department Store			Glasgow	Scotland	Major reconstruction of existing warehouse
	1896	Queen's Cross Church			Glasgow	Scotland
	1897	Craigiehall	Bellahouston		Glasgow	Scotland	Interior of music room
	1898	233 St Vincent Street			Glasgow	Scotland	Alterations - responsible for design)
	1898	Dining Room Interior for Hugo Bruckmann			Munich	Germany
	1898	Glasgow International Exhibition of 1901	Kelvingrove		Glasgow	Scotland	Competition design - unplaced
	1898	Kilmacolm Cemetery, Gravestone for James Reid	Kilmacolm/Kilmalcolm		Renfrewshire	Scotland
	1898	Miss Cranston's Tea Rooms, Argyle Street			Glasgow	Scotland	Furniture
	1898	National Bank of Scotland			Glasgow	Scotland	Unsuccessful competition design
	1898	Redlands	Bridge of Weir		Renfrewshire	Scotland
	1898	Ruchill Street Free Church Mission Halls			Glasgow	Scotland
	1898	Westdel and Royston	Dowanhill		Glasgow	Scotland	Interior of a bedroom and bathroom for Westdel
	1899	120 Mains Street, interiors			Glasgow	Scotland	Redesigned interiors of his new home in collaboration with his wife Margaret Macdonald
	1899	Dunglass Castle	Bowling (near)		Dunbartonshire	Scotland	Interiors (drawing room and dining room)
	1899	Gourock Parish Church	Gourock		Renfrewshire	Scotland	Extension/pulpit and choir stalls
	1899	Windyhill	Kilmacolm/Kilmalcolm		Renfrewshire	Scotland	Designed on his own (but while assistant at Honeyman & Keppie))
	1900	Dysart Free Church	Dysart		Fife	Scotland	Decorations
	1900	House for an Art Lover			Glasgow	Scotland	Competition designs in collaboration with his wife, Margaret Macdonald - failed to provide complete set of drawings and so could not be considered for prize
	November 1900	Eighth Exhibition of the Vienna Secession, Room Setting			Vienna	Austria	In collaboration with his wife Margaret Macdonald, and friends the McNairs
	c. 1900(?)	Design for a Country Mansion					Designs
	1900 or 1904	Miss Cranston's Tea Rooms, Ingram Street	Merchant City		Glasgow	Scotland	Original scheme for ladies' lunch room, billiard room, smoking room and rear tea room - in collaboration with his wife, Margaret Macdonald
	1901	14 (now 34) Kingsborough Gardens			Glasgow	Scotland	Interiors of hall and drawing room
	1901	29 Hamilton Drive			Glasgow	Scotland	Alterations and additions
	1901	3 Lilybank Terrace			Glasgow	Scotland	Fitted furniture for R Wylie Hill
	1901	Auchenbothie house, stables, gate lodge, cottage etc	Kilmacolm/Kilmalcolm		Renfrewshire	Scotland	Probably designed gate lodge while draughtsman to Honeyman & Keppie
	1901	Glasgow International Exhibition of 1901, exhibition stand for Francis Smith	Kelvingrove Park		Glasgow	Scotland
	1901	Glasgow International Exhibition of 1901, exhibition stand for Glasgow School of Art			Glasgow	Scotland
	1901	Glasgow International Exhibition of 1901, exhibition stand for Pettigrew & Stephens	Kelvingrove Park		Glasgow	Scotland
	1901	Glasgow International Exhibition of 1901, exhibition stand for Rae Brothers	Kelvingrove Park		Glasgow	Scotland
	1901	Liverpool Anglican Cathedral, second competition, first stage			Liverpool	England	Several schemes submitted - one scheme highly commended
	1901	The Mary Acre	Brechin		Angus	Scotland
	c. 1901	An Artist's House in the Country				Scotland	Speculative design
	c. 1901	An Artist's House in the Town				Scotland	Speculative design
	c. 1901	Design for a Golf Clubhouse					designs
	1902	202 Bath Street			Glasgow	Scotland	Extension
	1902	Architecture & Artistic Craft of the New Style Exhibition, Moscow, room setting			Moscow	Russia	Room setting, in collaboration with his wife, Margaret Macdonald Mackintosh
	1902	Cameron Parish Church	Cameron		Fife	Scotland	Interior alterations
	1902	Carl-Ludwigstrasse 45	Wahring		Vienna	Austria	Furnished music room. His wife Margaret Macdonald Mackintosh designed the gesso panels, which were installed in 1907-8
	1902	Easterhill	Bridge of Weir		Renfrewshire	Scotland
	1902	Edgehill	Kelvinside		Glasgow	Scotland	Alterations
	1902	International Exhibition of Modern Decorative Art, Turin, Rose Boudoir			Turin	Italy	Designed in collaboration with his wife, Margaret Macdonald Mackintosh
	1902	Mavor & Coulson Ltd Engineering Works	Bridgeton		Glasgow	Scotland	New Pattern House added to buildings at 47 Broad Street
	1902	Saracen Tool Works, Gallowgate, Great Dovehill			Glasgow	Scotland	Foundry
	1902	The Hill House	Helensburgh		Dunbartonshire	Scotland
	1903	211 Sauchiehall Street			Glasgow	Scotland
	1903	Daly's premises			Glasgow	Scotland	Alterations to numbers 213-215 for Miss Jessie Henderson
	1903	Dresdener Werkstätte für Handwerkskunst Exhibition, bedroom interior			Dresden	Germany
	1903	Overfield	Strathaven		Lanarkshire	Scotland
	1903	Queen's Park Free Church and hall			Glasgow	Scotland	Alterations
	1903	Scotland Street School			Glasgow	Scotland
	1903	The Willow Tea Rooms			Glasgow	Scotland	Recast building to form tea rooms, including redesigning façade and creating all interiors and furnishings
	1904	Arddarroch	Finnart		Dunbartonshire	Scotland	New porch
	1904	Belhaven Mission			Glasgow	Scotland	Alterations?
	1904	Bridge of Allan Chapel of Ease	Bridge of Allan		Stirlingshire	Scotland	Furnishings - oak screen, choir stalls, communion table and pulpit
	1904	Eglinton Foundry			Glasgow	Scotland	New foundry shop
	1904	Hous'hill	Nitshill		Glasgow	Scotland	Redecoration of interiors.
	1904	Ivybank	Wemyss Bay		Renfrewshire	Scotland	Additions?
	1904	Linburn	Shandon		Dunbartonshire	Scotland	Alterations
	1904	Loch Rannoch, memorial seat	Loch Rannoch		Perthshire	Scotland
	1904	Paisley Library and Museum	Paisley		Renfrewshire	Scotland	Extension
	1904	Pettigrew & Stephens Department Store			Glasgow	Scotland	Alterations and additions
	1904	Shop and House for P Brough	Comrie		Perthshire	Scotland
	1904	Shop for Henry and Carruthers			Glasgow	Scotland
	1905	23 Huntly Gardens			Glasgow	Scotland	Alterations
	1905	Abbey Close UP Church	Paisley		Renfrewshire	Scotland	Pulpit, organ case, font, light fittings and decoration
	1905	Auchinibert	Killearn		Stirlingshire	Scotland
	1905	Dining-Room Interior for exhibition in showrooms of A S Ball			Berlin	Germany
	1905	Glasgow Herald Building			Glasgow	Scotland	Alterations
	1905	Macduff Cemetery, Headstone to Rev Alexander Orrock Johnston	East Wemyss		Fife	Scotland
	1905	Prospecthill House, morning room chimneypiece	Paisley		Renfrewshire	Scotland
	1905	Wellesley Tea Rooms			Glasgow	Scotland	only plan is by Mackintosh
	1905	Wemyss Castle, gravestone for the Rev Alexander Orrock Johnston	East Wemyss		Fife	Scotland
	1905 or 1906	Miss Cranston's Tea Rooms, Argyle Street			Glasgow	Scotland	Interior of the Dutch Kitchen
	1906	4 Woodside Place			Glasgow	Scotland	Alterations
	1906	6 Florentine Terrace			Glasgow	Scotland	Alterations and interior decorations in collaboration with his wife Margaret Macdonald Mackintosh, for use as their own home
	1906	7 Belford Park			Edinburgh	Scotland	Alterations
	1906	9 Grosvenor Terrace			Glasgow	Scotland	Proposed alterations - unexecuted
	1906	Balgray Cottage, Cloak	Kilmacolm/Kilmalcolm		Renfrewshire	Scotland
	1906	Exhibition Stand for Wilkinson Heywood and Clark Ltd				Scotland
	1906	Glasgow School of Art			Glasgow	Scotland	Interior of Board Room
	1906	House, Bridge of Weir	Bridge of Weir		Renfrewshire	Scotland
	1906	Lodge at Bridge of Allan	Bridge of Allan		Stirlingshire	Scotland
	1906	St Philip's Free Church, Joppa	Portobello		Edinburgh	Scotland	Redecoration
	1906	The Guild of Arts
	1906	The Moss, Drumgoyne	Killearn		Stirlingshire	Scotland	Three-storey extension with mansard roof (since demolished)
	1906	The Willow Tea Rooms			Glasgow	Scotland	Further work
	1907	104 West Regent Street			Glasgow	Scotland	Unspecified work
	1907	11 Hamilton Drive			Glasgow	Scotland	Alterations
	1907	11 Princes Gardens	Dowanhill		Glasgow	Scotland	Alterations
	1907	9 _____ Gate for George Rome				Scotland
	1907	Auchenbothie house, stables, gate lodge, cottage etc	Kilmacolm/Kilmalcolm		Renfrewshire	Scotland	Cottage (Cloak Ploughman's Cottage?)
	1907	Glasgow School of Art			Glasgow	Scotland	Second phase - western section
	1907	Miss Cranston's Tea Rooms, Ingram Street	Merchant City		Glasgow	Scotland	Interior of Oak Room
	1907	Robinsfield, Bardowie	Baldernock (near)		Stirlingshire	Scotland	Complete remodelling, incorporating original tower house - in collaboration with the client, Robert Macaulay Stevenson, who had a hand in the design
	1907	Rothesay High Church	Rothesay	Bute	Bute	Scotland	Restoration
	1907	Theatre Royal			Glasgow	Scotland	Alterations
	1907	Western Baths			Glasgow	Scotland	Alterations
	1907	Wilmar	Skelmorlie		Ayrshire	Scotland
	1908	Craigiehall	Bellahouston		Glasgow	Scotland	Additions
	1908	Hous'hill	Nitshill		Glasgow	Scotland	Card room interior and addition on south side of house
	1908	Lady Artists' Club, Blythswood Square			Glasgow	Scotland	New entrance and interiors
	1908	Lilybank House	Hillhead		Glasgow	Scotland	Further work
	1908	Mossyde, Cloak	Kilmacolm/Kilmalcolm		Renfrewshire	Scotland	Balgray Cottage extended to form Mossyde
	1908	The Kid (?) House	Milliken Park		Renfrewshire?	Scotland
	1909	3 Windsor Circus	Woodside		Glasgow	Scotland	Alterations
	1909	3 Woodside Place			Glasgow	Scotland	Interior work
	1909	Dineiddwg, Mugdock	Milngavie		Dunbartonshire	Scotland	Further work
	1909	Glasgow Herald Exhibition Stand			Glasgow	Scotland
	1909	Kelvinside Free Church	Kelvinside		Glasgow	Scotland	Alterations
	1909	Miss Cranston's Tea Rooms, Ingram Street	Merchant City		Glasgow	Scotland	Interior of Oval Room and ladies' rest room
	1910	44 West George Street			Glasgow	Scotland	Alterations
	1910	House in Woodside Place			Glasgow	Scotland	Alterations
	1910	Pettigrew & Stephens Department Store			Glasgow	Scotland	Tearoom and alterations in basement
	1910	Premises, Cromwell Street and Great Western Road			Glasgow	Scotland	Reconstruction of stables as workshops
	1910	Queen’s University			Belfast	Northern Ireland	Unplaced entry in competition
	1911	Auchenbothie Mains	Kilmacolm/Kilmalcolm		Renfrewshire	Scotland	Alterations and additions
	1911	Cardross Drill Hall, Geilston	Cardross		Dunbartonshire	Scotland	Additions
	1911	Carntyne Dyewood Mills	Carntyne		Glasgow	Scotland	Alterations
	1911	Daily Record Building			Glasgow	Scotland	Alterations
	1911	Dumbarton Cemetery, Monument for William Talwin Morris	Dumbarton		Dunbartonshire	Scotland
	1911	Glasgow School of Art			Glasgow	Scotland	Further work
	1911	Manchester Library and Art Gallery Competition			Manchester	England	Competition design - premiated (100 guineas) but did not win
	1911	Memorial stone for Robert M Mann	Busby		Lanarkshire	Scotland
	1911	Miss Cranston's Tea Rooms, Ingram Street	Merchant City		Glasgow	Scotland	Blue room added; interior of Chinese Room
	1911	Miss Cranston's Tea Rooms, Ingram Street	Merchant City		Glasgow	Scotland	Interior of Cloister Room
	1911	New West Church	Greenock		Renfrewshire	Scotland	Interior refurbished and new chancel
	1911	Panorama			Glasgow	Scotland	Minor alterations to no 26
	1911	Premises for T & R Annan & Sons, Sauchiehall Street			Glasgow	Scotland
	1911	Scottish Exhibition of National History, Art and Industry, 1911, White Cockade Tea Room	Kelvingrove		Glasgow	Scotland
	1912	78-82 Union Street			Glasgow	Scotland	Interior of ladies' hairdressing salon for number 80 - now demolished
	1912	Barnard Castle, Bandstand Pavilion, Bowes Museum			County Durham	England	Design exhibited
	1912	Glasgow Art Club			Glasgow	Scotland	Alterations
	1912	Mavor & Coulson Ltd Engineering Works	Bridgeton		Glasgow	Scotland	Further work
	1912	Pinehurst	Bearsden		Glasgow	Scotland
	1912	Pitlochry Hydro	Pitlochry		Perthshire	Scotland	Alterations
	1912	Shop and flats, 354 Dumbarton Road			Glasgow	Scotland	Alterations
	1912	Tenement, Rutherglen Road			Glasgow	Scotland
	1912	Tenement, Thistle Street and Hospital Street			Glasgow	Scotland
	1912	The Hill House	Helensburgh		Dunbartonshire	Scotland	Further work
	1913	100 Princes Street	Helensburgh		Dunbartonshire	Scotland	Alterations (?)
	1913	Belhaven UP Church	Dowanhill		Glasgow	Scotland	Memorial
	1913	Glasgow Herald Building			Glasgow	Scotland	Further alterations
	1913	Jordanhill Teacher Training College	Jordanhill		Glasgow	Scotland	Competition design
	1913	Monument for Alex Robertson	Dunoon		Argyll	Scotland
	1913	Mossyde, Cloak	Kilmacolm/Kilmalcolm		Renfrewshire	Scotland	Additions
	1913	Pettigrew & Stephens Department Store			Glasgow	Scotland	Further work
	1914	Premises for HJ					Alterations? New build?
	c. 1915	Design for a memorial fountain in a public place					unexecuted designs
	c. 1915	Design for a shop- and office-block in an arcaded street			Lucknow?	India
	c. 1915	Design for a war memorial in a public place					unexecuted designs - may be 1918 in date
	c. 1915	Design for a warehouse-block in an arcaded street			Lucknow?	India	unexecuted designs
	c. 1915	Designs for lamp standards					unexecuted designs
	1916	78 Derngate	Northampton		Northamptonshire	England	Remodelling
	1916	The Willow Tea Rooms			Glasgow	Scotland	Interior of the Dug-Out
	1917	Fairlawn	Bath		Somerset	England	Interior of bedroom
	1918	Candida Cottage	Roade		Northamptonshire	England	Alterations, additions and interior of dining room
	1919	5 The Drive	Northampton		Northamptonshire	England	Interior of dining room
	1919	78 Derngate	Northampton		Northamptonshire	England	Interior of guest bedroom
	1919	Little Hedgecourt	East Grinstead (near)		West Sussex	England	Alterations and additions
	1920	48 Glebe Place	Chelsea		London	England	unexecuted design for studio-house
	1920	Leigh Farm Cottages	Ansty		West Sussex	England	Alterations and additions
	1920	Studio-house, 49 Glebe Place	Chelsea		London	England
	1920	Studios and Studio-Flats, Upper Cheyne Row	Chelsea		London	England	unexecuted designs
	1920	Studios, 50 Glebe Place	Chelsea		London	England
	1920	The Mystery House	Chelsea		London	England	proposed alterations - unexecuted
	1920	Theatre for Margaret Morris	Chelsea		London	England	designs
	After 1920(?)	48 Glebe Place	Chelsea		London	England	unexecuted design for block of studios and possibly studio-flats (between late 1920 and 1922)
	1921	78 Derngate	Northampton		Northamptonshire	England	Redecoration of hall

References

Bibliographic References

The following books contain references to this :
	Author(s)	Date	Title	Part	Publisher	Notes
	Barnes, H Jefferson	1979	Charles Rennie Mackintosh and Glasgow School of art: Volume 2: Furniture in the School Collection	2nd edition
	Barnes, H Jefferson	1979	Charles Rennie Mackintosh and Glasgow School of art: Volume 3: ironwork and metal work in the school Collection	2nd edition
	Barnes, H Jefferson	1988	Charles Rennie Mackintosh and Glasgow School of art: Volume 1 architecture exteriors and interiors	3rd edition
	Bedford, Jane and Davies, Ivor	1973	Remembering Charles Rennie Mackintosh: a recorded interview with Mary Newbery Sturrock		From Connoisseur, volume 183
	Billcliffe, Roger	1979	Charles Rennie Mackintosh: The Complete Furniture, Furniture Drawings & Interior Designs		Guildford & London: Lutterworth Press
	Bird, Elizabeth	1968	Walter Blackie: memories of Charles Rennie Mackintosh		Scottish Art Review, volume 11, pp6-11
	Bird, Elizabeth	1975	Ghosts and gaspipes: pulic reaction to the early work of the Four		Scottish Art Review, volume 14, pp13-14
	Brett, David	1990	C R Mackintosh: The Poetics of Workmanship		London: Reaktion Books Ltd
	Crawford, Alan	1995	Charles Rennie Mackintosh		London: Thames and Hudson
	Ferguson, H C S		Glasgow School of Art: the history
	Grogan, Elaine	2002	Beginnings: Charles Rennie Mackintosh's early sketches
	Helland, Janice	1994	The critics and the Arts and Crafts: the instance of Margaret Macdonald and Charles Rennie Mackintosh		Art History, volume 17, pp209-227
	Howarth, Thomas	1977	Charles Rennie Mackintosh and the Modern Movement	Second Edition	London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd
	http://www.78derngate.org.uk/content/78-derngate-history-part-3		http://www.78derngate.org.uk/content/78-derngate-history-part-3
	Hunterian Art Gallery	1990	C R Mackintosh Architectural Drawings		Glasgow: Hunterian Art Gallery
	Kossatz, Host-Herbert	1971	The Vienna Secession and its early relations with Great Britain		Studio International, volume 181
	Macaulay, James	1993	Charles Rennie Mackintosh: Glasgow School of Art		London
	Macaulay, James	1994	Charles Rennie Mackintosh: Hill House
	Muthesius, Herman	1904	Das Englische Haus		See translation by Denis Sharp and Janet Seligman 1979
	Nuttgens, Patrick (ed)	1988	Mackintosh and his contemporaries in Europe and America
	Pevsner, N and Richards, J M (ed.)	1973	The Anti Rationalists
	Poesner, Julius	1980	Hermann Muthesius and English Domestic Architecture		Architectural Association Quarterly, Volume 12, pp54-61
	Robertson (Reekie), Pamela		Mackintosh House		No date but after 1997
	Robertson (Reekie), Pamela (ed.)	1999	Charles Rennie Mackintosh, architectural sketches
	Robertson (Reekie), Pamela (ed.)	2001	The Chronycle: the letters of Charles Rennie Mackintosh to Margaret Macdonald Mackintosh 1927
	Robertson, Pamela (ed)	1990	Charles Rennie Mackintosh: The Architectural Papers		Wendelburg: White Cockade Publishing
	Robertson, Pamela and Johnston, J Stewart	1996	Charles Rennie Mackintosh	exhibition catalogue	Glasgow: Glasgow Museums
	Service, Alastair	1975	Edwardian Architecture and its Origins
	Stark, David	2004	Charles Rennie Mackintosh and Co., 1854 to 2004		Glasgow: Stenlake Publishing Ltd
	Walker, Frank Arneil	1986	South Clyde Estuary: An Illustrated Architectural Guide to Inverclyde and Renfrew			p31, p84, p90, p91, p140
	Young, Andrew McLaren	1968	Charles Rennie Mackintosh (1868-1928): Architecture, Design and Painting		Catalogue of Edinburgh Festival Society/Scottish Arts Council exhib at Royal Scottish Museum, Edinb

Periodical References

The following periodicals contain references to this :
	Periodical Name	Date	Edition	Publisher	Notes
	Builder	21 August 1953			p300 - exhibition of Mackintosh's work (models, paintings, photographs, furniture, and silver) at Gladstone's Land, Edinburgh, arranged by Dr Thomas Howarth
	Builder	18 December 1953			p951-952 - details of RIBA Mackintosh exhibition, with examination of Mackintosh as 'tragic' figure p954-955 - 'A Pioneer of the Modern Movement', detailing Thomas Howarth's lecture, and with T S Eliot's views
	Charles Rennie Mackintosh Soc. Newsletter/Journal	*			From 1973
	Charles Rennie Mackintosh Soc. Newsletter/Journal	2014	98		Spring 2014, pp21-31. Article entitled 'The Architect and the Dancer' by Richard Emerson on later career of Mackintosh.
	RIAS Quarterly	1933	Spring	Royal Incorporation of Architects in Scotland (RIAS)	pp1-14 (appreciation by J Jeffrey Waddell)

Archive References

The following archives hold material relating to this :
	Source	Archive Name	Source Catalogue No.	Notes
	Professor David M Walker personal archive	Professor David M Walker, notes and collection of archive material		Personal information from Alex Smellie, Walter Blackie's daughters and Mary Newbery Sturrock
	RIBA Archive, Victoria & Albert Museum	RIBA Nomination Papers		F v17 p138, no 1165