© All rights reserved. Edinburgh and the Lothians at the opening of the twentieth century / by A. Eddington. Contemporary biographies / edited by W.T. Pike 

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Basic Biographical Details

Name: Arthur Forman Balfour Paul
Designation: Architect
Born: 7 August 1875
Died: 3 June 1938
Bio Notes: Arthur Forman Balfour Paul ('Baffy' to his friends and to his staff) was born in Edinburgh on 7 August 1875, the son of Sir James Balfour Paul, Lyon King of Arms. He was educated at Edinburgh Academy from 1885 to 1892 and was articled to Sir Robert Rowand Anderson from 1892 to 1896, remaining as a draughtsman until 1897 and studying at the School of Applied Art under Frank Worthington Simon and Stewart Henbest Capper. His travels in these early years included a short sketching tour in Belgium and Holland in 1895 and a three-month tour of England in 1897. In 1898 he obtained a place in John Belcher's office in London, staying there for a year and studying at the LCC School of Art before returning to Edinburgh to commence practice on his own account from home at 30 Heriot Row. Following the dissolution of the Anderson, Simon & Crawford partnership Sir Rowand Anderson invited him to return to his practice as partner in 1903. Paul joined the Edinburgh Architectural Association in the same year and it was on the recommendation of that association and of its President, James Bow Dunn, that he was admitted LRIBA in the mass intake of 20 July 1911.

The partnership was interrupted by the First World War. Paul was a keen territorial who had joined the London Scottish as a piper when with Belcher. He was commissioned as a major in the Royal Engineers and served with distinction in France, being awarded the MC and the Croix de Guerre with Gold Star. Anderson continued the practice, albeit in failing health, with some help from Alexander Lorne Campbell.

Paul resumed partnership in 1919 and became sole partner, Anderson having finally retired: Lorne Campbell was Anderson's executor and he, not Paul, as has been stated, designed the memorial cottage to Lady Anderson at Colinton. Crucially for the practice Paul retained the feuing of the Fettes Trust and Braid estates, providing a flow of business which saw it through a lean period. In 1931 Paul, whose office was managed by John McClure Anderson, offered his former assistant William Kininmonth a rrom I his office as he could not afford to re-employ him on his return from Lutyens's office. It had only a drawings board and a telephone, but it enabled Kininmonth to take into partnership his friend Basil Urwin Spence, recently returned from Lutyens's office in London. Supplemented by presentation work for other practices and by teaching at Edinburgh College of Art the partnership of Kininmonth & Spence had some success. In 1934 Paul offered Kininmonth a partnership but Kininmonth felt that he had to decline unless Spence was taken into partnership as well. Paul accepted this proposal, the recovery of the practice enabling them to take on as an assistant Alan Reiach, previously of Lorimer and Matthews' office. The name of the practice then became became Rowand Anderson & Paul & Partners and remained so until 1946 when Spence left to set up his own practice.

Paul was active in professional matters, serving on the RIBA Council after his election as FRIBA in 1933, for which he was proposed by John Begg, James Alexander Arnott and John Wilson. He was President of the Edinburgh Architectural Association 1934-36, and was President elect of the RIAS when he died on 3 June 1938, leaving a widow Jane Prichard Montgomerie Fleming. In his later years he had moved from his original marital home at 32 Ormidale Terrace to Peffermill House, Craigmillar. His estate amounted to £24,365 18s 10d.

Private and Business Addresses

The following private or business addresses are associated with this architect:
 AddressTypeDate fromDate toNotes
Item 1 of 6ScotlandBusiness   
Item 2 of 630, Heriot Row, Edinburgh, ScotlandPrivate/business1899(?)  
Item 3 of 621, St Andrew Square, Edinburgh, ScotlandBusinessc. 1899c. 1903 
Item 4 of 616, Rutland Square, Edinburgh, ScotlandBusinessc. 19031938In partnership with R R Anderson
Item 5 of 632, Ormidale Terrace, Edinburgh, ScotlandPrivatec. 1907c. 1926 
Item 6 of 6Peffermill House, Craigmillar, Edinburgh, ScotlandPrivate1933 *1938 

* earliest date known from documented sources.

Employment and Training

Employers

The following individuals or organisations employed or trained this architect (click on an item to view details):
 NameDate fromDate toPositionNotes
Item 1 of 5Wardrop & Anderson18921896Apprentice 
Item 2 of 5Wardrop & Anderson18961897Draughtsman 
Item 3 of 5John Belcher18981899Draughtsman 
Item 4 of 5Rowand Anderson & Paul19031934PartnerFirm then became Rowand Anderson, Paul & Partners
Item 5 of 5Rowand Anderson, Paul & Partners19341938Partner 

Employees or Pupils

The following individuals were employed or trained by this architect (click on an item to view details):
 NameDate fromDate toPositionNotes
Item 1 of 1James Maxwell Scott18991903Apprentice 

RIBA

RIBA Proposers

The following individuals proposed this architect for RIBA membership (click on an item to view details):
 NameDate proposedNotes
Item 1 of 4James Alexander ArnottMid 1933for Fellowship
Item 2 of 4John BeggMid 1933for Fellowship
Item 3 of 4James Bow Dunn20 July 1911for Licentiateship - as president of the Edinburgh Architectural Association
Item 4 of 4John WilsonMid 1933for Fellowship

RIBA Proposals

This architect proposed the following individuals for RIBA membership (click on an item to view details):
 NameDate proposedNotes
Item 1 of 18James Moffatt Aitken8 March 1937for Associateship
Item 2 of 18John Malcolm McClure Anderson4 April 1938for Associateship
Item 3 of 18John Somerville Baillie6 April 1936for Associateship
Item 4 of 18Archibald James BaxterEarly 1934for Associateship
Item 5 of 18Noel Edmund Ironside Burchell22 June 1936for Licentiateship
Item 6 of 18Frank James Connell2 December 1935for Associateship
Item 7 of 18James Findlay Coull3 December 1934for Associateship
Item 8 of 18David Maxtone Craig8 March 1937for Associateship
Item 9 of 18William Gordon Dey2 December 1935for Associateship
Item 10 of 18John Lyon Gauldie9 May 1938for Associateship
Item 11 of 18Ian Sinclair Gavin7 March 1938for Associateship
Item 12 of 18James Macgregor22 June 1936for Fellowship
Item 13 of 18John Ogilvie18 July 1938for Associateship
Item 14 of 18James Robertson13 May 1935for Associateship
Item 15 of 18William Alexander Bruce Robertson10 January 1938for Associateship
Item 16 of 18Charles Edward Tweedie (junior)6 February 1939for Licentiateship
Item 17 of 18William Thomas Christie Walker10 January 1938for Associateship
Item 18 of 18Robert Woodcock2 December 1935for Associateship

Buildings and Designs

This architect was involved with the following buildings or structures from the date specified (click on an item to view details):
 Date startedBuilding nameTown, district or villageIslandCity or countyCountryNotes
Item 1 of 93 Killellan Parish ChurchHouston RenfrewshireScotlandInstructed Scott Morton & Co for interior work - date unknown
Item 2 of 93 NewlistonKirkliston West LothianScotlandInstructed Scott Morton & Co for interior work - date unknown
Item 3 of 931877St Columba's Parish ChurchBurntisland FifeScotlandRestoration
Item 4 of 931898Sir William Fraser HomesColinton EdinburghScotland 
Item 5 of 93After 1899Country houseDunblane PerthshireScotlandMay have been done in partnership with Robert Rowand Anderson
Item 6 of 93After 1899Country houseDavidson's Mains EdinburghScotlandMay have been done in partnership with Robert Rowand Anderson
Item 7 of 93After 1899Country houseGrantown-on-Spey (near) Inverness-shireScotlandMay have been done in partnership with Robert Rowand Anderson
Item 8 of 931900Archers' Hall  EdinburghScotlandBegan job - reconstruction and enlargement
Item 9 of 931900Dean Cemetery, Monument to Sir William FraserDean EdinburghScotland 
Item 10 of 931901HousingColinton EdinburghScotland 
Item 11 of 931902Dunblane Cathedral HallsDunblane PerthshireScotland 
Item 12 of 9319035 Charlotte Square  EdinburghScotlandInternal remodelling
Item 13 of 931903Culross Abbey ChurchCulross FifeScotlandRestoration
Item 14 of 93After 1903Edinburgh Royal Infirmary  EdinburghScotlandAdditions
Item 15 of 93After 1903University of Edinburgh, Medical School and McEwan Hall  EdinburghScotlandReconstruction of Medical School
Item 16 of 93c. 1903University College, main block  DundeeScotlandDesign for the new main block - not built
Item 17 of 931904Keir HouseDunblane PerthshireScotlandGarden house (building dated 1904) and sundial (dated 1906)
Item 18 of 931904Pollok House, including lodges  GlasgowScotlandAlterations
Item 19 of 931905Archers' Hall  EdinburghScotlandWork continued in partnership
Item 20 of 931905Edinburgh Royal Infirmary, Old Surgical Hospital  EdinburghScotlandRemodelling for the University of Edinburgh
Item 21 of 931905University College, Engineering and Physics buildings  DundeeScotland 
Item 22 of 931906Cottage for the Rev Robert WeirColinton EdinburghScotland 
Item 23 of 931906Music Hall and Assembly Rooms  EdinburghScotlandAdditions
Item 24 of 931906Newtyle Parish Church, Earl of Wharncliffe MemorialNewtyle AngusScotland 
Item 25 of 931907St Cuthbert's Parish Church, Alexander Ballantine memorial tablet  EdinburghScotland 
Item 26 of 931908Surgeons' Hall  EdinburghScotlandReconstruction and additions, including West Museum (a.k.a. Barclay Museum, now Fellows' Hall)
Item 27 of 931910Govan Old Parish ChurchGovan GlasgowScotlandLengthening of chancel
Item 28 of 931910Greenhill CottageBruntsfield EdinburghScotlandNew ward block added
Item 29 of 9319114 Heriot Row  EdinburghScotlandAlterations
Item 30 of 931911Edinburgh Academy, dining hall block  EdinburghScotland 
Item 31 of 931911Edinburgh Academy, Main Hall  EdinburghScotlandInternal alterations - addition of columns in hall
Item 32 of 931911Fettes College, new sanatorium  EdinburghScotland 
Item 33 of 931912Keir HouseDunblane PerthshireScotlandChapel (mosaics by Boris Anrep)
Item 34 of 931912St George's School for Girls  EdinburghScotland 
Item 35 of 931912St Michaels and All Angels Episcopal Church HallHelensburgh DunbartonshireScotlandNew hall
Item 36 of 931913McNeil House, Kinellan Road  EdinburghScotland 
Item 37 of 931913University College, Engineering and Physics buildings  DundeeScotlandHarris Building (Engineering laboratory)
Item 38 of 931914Broomhill House  Inverness-shireScotland 
Item 39 of 93191531 and 33 WestgateNorth Berwick East LothianScotlandAdditions
Item 40 of 931915St Michaels and All Angels Episcopal ChurchHelensburgh DunbartonshireScotlandWooden porch - Balfour supervised installation
Item 41 of 93After 1918Donaldson's Hospital, War Memorial  EdinburghScotland 
Item 42 of 931919SS Ascania, ship interior     
Item 43 of 931919SS Ausonia, ship interior     
Item 44 of 931919University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Chemistry Building  EdinburghScotlandPlans prepared by Balfour Paul by October 1919
Item 45 of 93After 1919(?)Grey HouseMurrayfield EdinburghScotlandAlterations and additions
Item 46 of 931920sNorthfieldColinton EdinburghScotlandAlterations? (Plans including electrics, lighting and gas points.)
Item 47 of 931920War MemorialLoanhead MidlothianScotland 
Item 48 of 93Before 1920(?)3 Montrose Terrace  EdinburghScotlandInternal alterations to form public house
Item 49 of 93c. 1920Kilellan (or Killellan) Old ManseKirkton Farm (near) RenfrewshireScotlandExtensive restoration
Item 50 of 93c. 1920Ladies Caledonian Club, Charlotte Square  EdinburghScotlandAlterations
Item 51 of 93c. 1920Scottish Rugby Union War memorial   Scotland 
Item 52 of 931921War MemorialIrvine AyrshireScotland 
Item 53 of 931923Culross Abbey ChurchCulross FifeScotlandAlterations to pulpit
Item 54 of 931923Rankine House  EdinburghScotland 
Item 55 of 9319246 Charlotte Square  EdinburghScotlandAlterations and restoration
Item 56 of 9319267 Charlotte Square  EdinburghScotlandAlterations
Item 57 of 931926Bowland HouseWhitehill MidlothianScotlandFurther extensions to east
Item 58 of 931926Cakemuir CastleCrichton MidlothianScotlandModernisation
Item 59 of 931927Wester Finlarig and lodgeDulnain Bridge Inverness-shireScotland 
Item 60 of 93192822 Kinnear Road  EdinburghScotland 
Item 61 of 931928Fettes College, Kimmerghame House  EdinburghScotland 
Item 62 of 931929Murrayfield Parish ChurchMurrayfield EdinburghScotlandNorth transept and chancel completed to Crawford's design but with addition of organ chamber
Item 63 of 931930St Michaels and All Angels Episcopal ChurchHelensburgh DunbartonshireScotlandHeightening of tower
Item 64 of 931931Eigg Lodge EiggInverness-shireScotlandRebuilding after fire
Item 65 of 931932Mayfield Free ChurchMayfield EdinburghScotlandPulpit
Item 66 of 93193422 Frogston Road West  EdinburghScotland 
Item 67 of 931934Church of Scotland, Chalmers Street  EdinburghScotland 
Item 68 of 931934Deaconess Hospital  EdinburghScotlandReconstruction, addition of a floor to the original block, and Lord Sands Memorial Wing
Item 69 of 931934Dumfries HouseCumnock (near) AyrshireScotlandChapel dismantled and space in basement converted to library and on first floor into dining room
Item 70 of 931934Murrayfield Golf ClubhouseMurrayfield EdinburghScotlandConversion of clubhouse into dwelling house
Item 71 of 931935Broomhill House  Inverness-shireScotlandAddition
Item 72 of 931935Dunedin House  EdinburghScotland 
Item 73 of 931935L'Aperitif Restaurant  EdinburghScotland 
Item 74 of 931935Liberton HouseLiberton EdinburghScotlandRemoval of later additions and restoration
Item 75 of 931935Timber HousesForth LanarkshireScotland 
Item 76 of 931935Upton, 141 Corsebar RoadPaisley RenfrewshireScotland 
Item 77 of 931936Broughton Place, including summer house, tennis court, walled garden, gatepiers, and stableblock  PeeblesshireScotland 
Item 78 of 931936Church and Suite of Church HallsCorstorphine EdinburghScotland 
Item 79 of 931936Edinburgh Sports Club  EdinburghScotlandMay not have been involved. Original design - amended design the following year.
Item 80 of 931936Fettes CollegeComely Bank EdinburghScotlandInterior renovation
Item 81 of 931936Fettes College, Dalmeny House  EdinburghScotlandInterior renovation of passages, changing rooms and study area
Item 82 of 931936Fettes College, new hall and new chapel  EdinburghScotlandProposed new hall
Item 83 of 931936Garth of FinlarigDulnain Bridge Inverness-shireScotland 
Item 84 of 931936Salvation Army Headquarters and HomeLeith EdinburghScotlandIn conjunction with Oswald Archer
Item 85 of 931936St Mary's Episcopal ChurchDalkeith MidlothianScotlandMemorial tablet to the 7th Duke of Buccleuch
Item 86 of 931937Corstorphine Parish ChurchCorstorphine EdinburghScotlandRestoration and alterations - assisted by Spence and Kininmonth
Item 87 of 931937Edinburgh Dental Hospital and school  EdinburghScotlandProposed extension (executed 1952-54. The 1950s drawings differ from the pre-war appeal brochure)
Item 88 of 931937Gribloch HouseKippen StirlingshireScotlandWorked in association with Perry Duncan
Item 89 of 931937Quothquhan  LanarkshireScotland 
Item 90 of 931938Duddingston Parish Church, hallDuddingston EdinburghScotland 
Item 91 of 931938Falkirk Royal Infirmary Nurses' HomeFalkirk StirlingshireScotlandWon competition but not built
Item 92 of 93Before 1938Cowan House  EdinburghScotlandAlterations
Item 93 of 931939HospitalLochart  Scotland 

References

Bibliographic References

The following books contain references to this architect:
 Author(s)DateTitlePartPublisherNotes
Item 1 of 6Edwards, Brian1995Basil Spence 1907-1976   
Item 2 of 6Glendinning, Miles1997Rebuilding Scotland: The Postwar Vision, 1945-75  Tuckwell Press Ltdp12 Site plan and perspective of Timber Housing, Lanarkshire
p94 Aperitif Restaurant
Item 3 of 6Johnston, W T2003Artists of Scotland Officina Publications CDROM 
Item 4 of 6Pike Edinburgh and the Lothians at the turn of the 20th century   
Item 5 of 6Post Office Directories     
Item 6 of 6Walker, Frank Arneil1986South Clyde Estuary: An Illustrated Architectural Guide to Inverclyde and Renfrew  p82

Periodical References

The following periodicals contain references to this architect:
 Periodical NameDateEditionPublisherNotes
Item 1 of 3Builder10 June 1938  Obituary
Item 2 of 3RIAS Quarterly1938Autumn/WinterRoyal Incorporation of Architects in Scotland (RIAS)Obituary p31
Item 3 of 3RIBA Journal12 September 1938v45London: Royal Institute of British Architectsp993 - obituary

Archive References

The following archives hold material relating to this architect:
 SourceArchive NameSource Catalogue No.Notes
Item 1 of 1RIBA Archive, Victoria & Albert MuseumRIBA Nomination Papers L v20 no1511; F no3134 (box 17)

Images

© All rights reserved. Edinburgh and the Lothians at the opening of the twentieth century / by A. Eddington. Contemporary biographies / edited by W.T. Pike 

© All rights reserved. Edinburgh and the Lothians at the opening of the twentieth century / by A. Eddington. Contemporary biographies / edited by W.T. Pike